50个你必须要知道的声音与音色术语（下篇）

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50个你必须要知道的声音与音色术语（下篇）

前言

用文字去形容声音是件很抽象的事,比如这音色黏黏的(触觉)；这音色会喷出一道淡棕色的光芒(视觉)；有奶油的香味(嗅觉)。 当然不是每个人都能通过文字有同感，但形容音色时人们还是会多用这些非听觉感官的形容词做诠释。 不过希望下面这些术语的专有名词解释能为你节省一些收集整理的时间～

26

中频：定义为吉他中位絃所弹出的声音范围；一段给予力度到音色上的声音频谱。

midrange: the range defined by the middle strings of the guitar; the part of the sound spectrum that gives punch to tone.

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抹音：偶然拿来描述一把无琴格吉他的起初始敲击或起音；

指介于起音音繁期与细緻震动嗡嗡声的音色。

mwah: occasionally used to describe the initial onset or attack of a fretless bass; it is a tone between the bloom of the note and a subtle buzz.(注：这是形容无琴格低音吉他发出特有音色的词，第一次看到，真有趣。俚语辞典是说，这有点像垂死的长颈鹿发出的声音，又大又长又毛。)

28

有机的(?)：自然声响；没有明显的不平通，没有电子声。

organic: natural sounding; without an obvious imbalance; without electronics.(注：叫RAW会不会比较好，有种未经处理的感觉。)

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泛音：通常指从基音音调分离出的谐音含量之音色；有时候用来描述全部声音中不和谐或令人感到不舒服的音色。

overtones: usually describe the harmonic content of the notes, separate from the fundamental; sometimes used to describe dissonant or unpleasant tones that are part of the total voice.

30

打击声：通常指强烈的起音；在最近是指鼓类风格的打击乐器产生的音色。

percussiveness: often associated with a strong attack; more recently, the tone generated by striking the instrument in the manner of a drum.

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似钢琴声的：大声响，有超清楚的基音和厚实的谐音；也与强烈，快速起音与长延音有关。

piano-like: big sounding, with bold harmonics and a super clear fundamental; also associated with a strong, quick attack and long sustain.

32

测音：一项乐器在邻近区域之后的一段距离能被乐手听到的能力。

projection: the ability of an instrument to be heard at a distance beyond the immediate area of the player.(注：这也是超饶舌，)

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切声(用力的按或击打)：强壮的中频与起音的组合。

punch: the combination of strong mids and a strong attack.

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共呜：物质的自然趋向对特定的频率产生共振。

resonance: the natural tendency of materials to vibrate at particular frequencies; the colloquial term to describe the liveliness of an instrument, or the lack of it.

35

响应：谐波含量的组合以及乐手对吉他的感觉。

response: a combination of the harmonic content and the way the guitar feels to the player.

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丰富：拥有丰富谐波含量的一项乐器。

rich: an instrument with abundant harmonic content.

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铃音：持续的清澈音色。

rings: sustains with clarity.

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挖空(中频)：与平坦响应弧线做比较的话，一个被舀出的曲线在中频有较宽阔的舀空状。

scooped: compared to a flat response curve, a scooped curve has a broad dip in the midrange frequencies.(注：看图就知道了，Google图片: EQ + Scooped)

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分离：音与音之间的清澈度，被描绘成能听见个别音的能力。

separation: the clarity between notes, characterized by the ability to hear each note.



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微微发光的：比耀眼的声音还要有更多的高谐音，还有延展的更高频。shimmery: even more high harmonics than sparkly, and extending to higher frequencies.

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耀眼的：一堆独有的高谐音音调。

sparkly: lots of separate high harmonics of the notes.

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延音：在初始起音及当音调达到最大声短暂区段之后的可听见音调时间长度。

sustain: the length of time the note is audible after the initial attack, and the brief period while the note is at its loudest.(注：超饶舌，请参见参考网站Attack的那张图，第三段就是延音时间。

应该是想表达起音最大声后还有衰减期，到第三段维持一定音量才是延音。)

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打音：敲打一片拿来做吉他面板与背板的预切木头，然后听它的音色；用来表达一把吉他的面板、背板，协助製琴师控制、增益，调整，或者用其它方式来改变吉他的声音。

tap tone: tapping a piece of wood pre-cut for a guitar back or top and listening for the tone; used to voice a guitar’s top and back, helping the luthier to control, enhance, adjust, or otherwise alter the voice of a guitar.

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厚度：与个别音符有紧密关系的强劲谐音。

thick: strong harmonics closely related to the individual notes.

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音质：一个製造乐器全面音色特质的群组特性。

例如，重低音，重高音，或良好的平衡。也许中频丰富或是呈现舀空状，而不同方面的谐波含量可能较其它种类持续更久。

timbre: a group of characteristics that create the overall tonal character of the instrument. Overall tonal character may be bass heavy, treble heavy, or well balanced; the midrange may be prominent or scooped; various aspects of the harmonic content may sustain longer than others.

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音调升高与衰减时间：是指一张定义声音与振幅有关的极重要图表。

一开始起音出现，花了几毫秒的上扬时间，接著衰减是从最高振幅至音调稳定延音前的极短暂区段，之后释放是指振幅迅速减弱到它听不到之前的区段。

tonal rise and decay time: half of the scheme by which a sound is defined with respect to amplitude. Attack is first, rise time is the few milliseconds immediately after, decay is the very brief period from the highest amplitude to when the note settles into its sustain period, and release is the rapid decline in amplitude before it becomes inaudible.(注：在Decay的注释裡有网站连结可以看图。简单说，这个图表的X轴是时间，Y轴是振幅，用这两个关系可以画出起始时间→衰减时间→延音时间→释放时间。)

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47

高音：高音弦的音调；高频。

treble: the notes on the upper strings; the upper frequencies.

(注：泛指吉他第一、二弦的声音频率。)

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声音(嗓音)：泛指音色、音质、音量、共呜，以及各种其它方面的吉他声音总称。

voice: the total package of the tone, timbre, volume, resonance, and all other aspects of the guitar’s sound.

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音量：乐器的响度；被乐器主体封闭的曲调总量。

volume: the loudness of an instrument; the amount of air enclosed by the body of the instrument.(注：太文绉绉了，就调整大小声的设定叫音量啊。)

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温暖：稍微柔化的中高次谐波，留下的音调带著较少的尖利起音。

warmth: slightly softened mids and upper harmonics, leaving a less sharp attack of the notes.

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