MIDI格式 (转)
MIDI指令有若干种,以十六进制表示:
元信息:
FF aa ll xx
aa代表信息种类,ll是长度(字节),xx可有多位,为前面指定长度的信息。 此类信息可记录调号,歌词,同步时间,调整节拍,功能很多,不同播放器支持的种类不同。
音乐信息:
8x hh ff 停止发声
9x hh ff 开始发声
x为0~15,hh表示音高0~127,60是中央C,ff表示强度,0~127
Cx xx
第x音轨,音色变为xx,xx 是乐器代号,0~127,在不同系统中,指代不同,通用的是:
General MIDI标准
PIANO 钢琴 CHROMATIC PERCUSSION
1 Acoustic Grand 9 Celesta
2 Bright Acoustic 10 Glockenspiel
3 Electric Grand 11 Music Box
4 Honky-Tonk 12 Vibraphone
5 Electric Piano 1 13 Marimba
6 Electric Piano 2 14 Xylophone
7 Harpsichord 15 Tubular Bells
8 Clavinet 16 Dulcimer
ORGAN 风琴 GUITAR 吉他
17 Drawbar Organ 25 Nylon String Guitar
18 Percussive Organ 26 Steel String Guitar
19 Rock Organ 27 Electric Jazz Guitar
20 Church Organ 28 Electric Clean Guitar
21 Reed Organ 29 Electric Muted Guitar
22 Accoridan 30 Overdriven Guitar
23 Harmonica 31 Distortion Guitar
24 Tango Accordian 32 Guitar Harmonics
SYNTH LEAD SYNTH PAD
81 Lead 1 (square) 89 Pad 1 (new age)
82 Lead 2 (sawtooth) 90 Pad 2 (warm)
83 Lead 3 (calliope) 91 Pad 3 (polysynth)
84 Lead 4 (chiff) 92 Pad 4 (choir)
85 Lead 5 (charang) 93 Pad 5 (bowed)
86 Lead 6 (voice) 94 Pad 6 (metallic)
87 Lead 7 (fifths) 95 Pad 7 (halo)
88 Lead 8 (bass) 96 Pad 8 (sweep)
SYNTH EFFECTS ETHNIC
97 FX 1 (rain) 105 Sitar
98 FX 2 (soundtrack) 106 Banjo
99 FX 3 (crystal) 107 Shamisen
100 FX 4 (atmosphere) 108 Koto
101 FX 5 (brightness) 109 Kalimba
102 FX 6 (goblins) 110 Bagpipe
103 FX 7 (echoes) 111 Fiddle
104 FX 8 (sci-fi) 112 Shanai